Monitoring health & population policies
As part of its DAC Watch programme, the International Planned Parenthood Federation European Network regularly publishes reports on donor countries policy and performance on sexual and reproductive health prior to official reviews by the DAC. The reports - the most recent one of which is on France - look at how donors are living up to commitments made at the International Conference on Population and Development, Cairo in 1994. To date Shadow Peer Reviews have been produced on Ireland, Australia, Austria and France. IPPF also produce a newsletter in English & French. E-mail Neil Datta: ndatta@ippfen.org web www.ippf.org Fax: + 32 2 250 0961/69.
Health - sectoral approaches
The Netherlands has published a 150-page report giving an account of its experiences of Sector-wide Approaches (SWAp) to health development, covering 16 countries. The report looks at the basic idea of SWAps, Dutch experience in practice, and then a series of lessons learned and unanswered questions. Ordercode: OSDR0411/E Email: he.van.schooten@dsi.minbuza.nl Fax: + 31 703 485 366.
Social shock absorbers
As the review of the 1995 Copenhagen UN Social Summit (WSSD) outcomes approaches, UNICEF have published a Staff Working Paper entitled Absorbing social shocks, protecting children and reducing poverty - the role of basic social services, buy Jan Vandemoortele. The 38-page paper argues that universal access to an integrated package of basic social services is one of the most effective and cost-efficient ways of reducing poverty. The paper argues that investment in basic social services creates a 'social shock-absorber' that will help to sustain globalisation by making market outcomes more equitable and inclusive.
Working Paper Number EPP-00-001. UNICEF Programme Publications, 3 UN Plaza, New York NY 10017, USA Web: www.unicef.org
Ageing & Development: International Year of Older Persons
In an effort to raise the profile of the needs of older people, who have been described as 'the last minority', 1999 was designated by the United Nations as the International Year of Older Persons. To mark the year, Help Age International have produced The Ageing and Development Report: Poverty, Independence & the World's Older People, published by Earthscan September 1999, 224 pages, £14.95, ISBN 85383 648 6. The report provides a comprehensive introduction to ageing and development, looking at gender and ageing, informal support services for older people in the developing world, ageing and health, older people's coping strategies. Earthscan Website: www.earthscan.co.uk Fax: +44 (0) 171 278 1142 or for background contact Mark Gorman at HelpAge E-mail: mgorman@helpage.org Fax: +44 (0) 171 404 7203. DIU2 Nov 99
20:20
Initiative - Hanoi meeting
In Oct. 1998, representatives
from 29 developing countries, 19 donor countries 13 multilaterals & 11
NGOs gathered in Hanoi to review progress made towards implementing the 20:20
Initiative on Achieving Universal Access to Basic Social Services. The 20:20
Initiative was seen by many as a key outcome of the 1995
World Summit for Social Development in Copenhagen .
The outcome of the Hanoi meeting (hosted by the government of Vietnam and co-sponsored by Norway and the Netherlands) was the Hanoi consensus. Amongst papers presented at the Hanoi meeting were:
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Implementing the 20:20 Initiative, a joint publication of UNDP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNICEF, WHO and the World Bank, Sept 98, Email pubdoc@unicef.org website www.unicef.org
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Beyond 20:20 The Vulnerable Family - Challenges for Education, A case study from Viet Nam, from Oxfam GB, Save the Children Alliance and UNICEF (principal author Kiri Evans).
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Opportunities and Constraints to Better Donor Reporting on Aid to Basic Social Services, Technical Report prepared by Development Initiatives, OECD/DCD and UNICEF. A summary of this report is available from DI on diu@devinit.demon.co.uk
Social
Watch - monitoring the Social Summit outcomes
Universal access
to basic services is not a utopian objective, but governments worldwide lack
the political will to achieve it, according to Social Watch 1998.
The 1999 Social Watch report
was published in June 99. Social Watch involves an international group of
NGOs from 60 countries. It monitors progress following the 1995 Copenhagen
Social Summit and Beijing Conference on Women. For info fax Caroline Wildeman
at NOVIB +31 70 361 4461 or see http://www.socwatch.org/
Social Exclusion
DFID's Social Development Department
has published a Dissemination Note (No.2) Social Exclusion: Towards an
Holistic Understanding of Deprivation by Arjan de Haan (April 1999). The
paper was prepared for the World Development Report 2001 Forum on inclusion,
justice and poverty reduction. E-mail: sdd@dfid.gov.uk
Fax: 44 (0) 171 917 7000. SDD has also published Global Social Policy Principles:
Human Rights and Social Justice by Clare Ferguson (April 1999).
Evaluating
Social Impact
Outcomes and Impact:
Evaluating Change in Social Development, from INTRAC, challenges the usefulness
of methods such as logical frameworks for evaluating the impact of projects
on client populations. The book recommends designing, at the beginning of
a project, a system for assessing impact to run independently but linked to
existing monitoring and evaluation systems. £14.95, Fax: +44 (0)1865 201852.
TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL POLICIES
International
influences on national policies for human social development are examined
in a series of essays brought together in Transnational Social Policies edited
by Daniel Morales-Gomez of IDRC in Canada. The 221 page book (£15.95) looks
at how events like the 1995 Social Summit and the establishment of NAFTA contribute
to the design of policies to achieve social balance in countries with different
political and economic backgrounds. Earthscan earthinfo@earthscan.co.uk
fax + 44 (0) 171 278 1142.
UNRISD ONLINE
The United Nations Research Institute for Social Development has a redesigned website carrying in depth info on topics including social policy, gender, ethnic conflict, poverty, adjustment, IT, drugs and urban governance. See www.unrisd.org
Participatory
Impact Assessment
ACTIONAID have produced a 57 page report summarising a 3 year research
project which aimed to find more reliable methods of participatory impact
assessment. The report, edited by Hugh Goyder, Rick Davies & Winkie
Williamson, looks at experience in Bangladesh, India, Ghana & Uganda.
Findings include: the importance of tracking long term changes in peoples'
key indicators - and not just monitoring the indicators themselves; the
need for NGOs to support an 'impact assessment culture' in all that they
do and the systems that they follow; bearing in mind the time that PRA
approaches need, it is important to keep in mind the question 'what do
we really need to know?'. Web www.actionaid.org fax + 44 (0) 1460 67191.
Children's
Participation
Stepping Forward: Children and Young People's Participation in the Development
Process by Victoria Johnson, Edda Ivan-Smith, Gill Gordon, Pat Pridmore
& Patta Scott was published in Dec 98. The 332 pages cost £7.95, IT
Pubs email itpubs@itpubs.org.uk
fax + 44 (0) 171 436 2013.
A New
Tyranny?
Participation - The New Tyranny was the title of a one day conference
held at IDPM Manchester in Nov 98. Papers presented included David Mosse
on the Making & Marketing of Participatory Development; a critique
of participatory approaches by Frances Cleaver entitled Paradoxes of Participation;
John Hailey on Beyond the PRA formula: process and Practice in Indian
NGOs and Learning from Stakeholder Burnout by Irene Guijt. Email Bill.Cooke@man.ac.uk
or Uma.Kothari@man.ac.uk fax
+ 44 (0) 161 275 2800.
Christian
Aid & Participation
Rosemary McGee and Aidan Timlin have produced a paper (Feb 99, 30 pages)
reviewing Christian Aid's record & experience on participatory approaches
to planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. fax + 44 (0) 171
620 0719, Email info@christian-aid.org
DANISH NGO PARTNERS AND PARTICIPATION
The Danish NGO DanChurchAid is publishing a new development series. The first issue 'We Are Strong Enough': Participatory Development in Practice (April '99), looks at participatory methods used by its partners in Central America, Africa and Asia. It documents practical approaches and relates these to a conceptual framework of different participatory methods. Fax Lars Jorgensen +45 33 15 38 60, e-mail danchurchaid@dca.dk
'The purpose of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy long, healthy and creative lives' argues the 1999 Human Development Report, published in July 99. The theme of this 10th HDR is the need for globalisation with a human face. More progress has been made establishing norms and standards for open markets than for people and their rights. The HDR acknowledges that globalisation can enrich the lives of people everywhere - but that changes need to be matched with a greater commitment to equity and universalism. By the late 1990s, the fifth of the world's people living in high income countries enjoyed 86% of world GDP - the bottom fifth just 1%. The assets of the world's 3 richest people are more than the combined GDP of all least developed countries and their 600 million people.
The HDR calls for:
- stronger social policies to cope with globalised economics
- steps to reduce the human impact of financial volatility - such as consolidated macroeconomic and social policy management, improved regulation and transparency in banking and finance, better early warning and a World Central Bank to be a lender of last resort
- global action on human security - covering crime, environmental emergencies and human rights violations
- a reversal of the marginalisation of poor countries and more balanced global governance (a developing country equivalent of the G7 or OECD).
The HDR is published by Oxford University Press, UNDP Website http://www.undp.org/hdro/ E-mail hdro@undp.org Fax 001 212 9063677.
Along with the Human Development Report 1998, UNDP published a user friendly database of human development indicators on floppy disc. The discs provide statistics from the 1998 HDR including the Human Development index and statistics covering a wide range of social indicators in both developing and OECD countries. For details contact UNDP.
NEW JOURNAL OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Forthcoming in January 2000 is a new publication -the Journal of Human Development, which will be edited by Sakiko Fukuda-Parr and Richard Jolly from the Human Development Report Office at the UNDP in New York. Publication of the journal marks ten years of publication for the annual Human Development Report. The journal aims to reflect the fact that human development is becoming a 'school of thought' providing a vehicle for both critics and supporters. For info e-mail sakiko.fukuda-parr@undp.org For an inspection copy, contact Carfax. Fax: +44 (0) 1256 330245 E-mail: info@tandf.co.uk
The International Forum on Capacity Building for Southern NGOs (IFCB) was launched in May 1998 by a number of Southern and Northern NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors and foundations. The aim is to build a multi stakeholder forum to engage in debate and innovation to shape approaches and practices on capacity building. The IFCB has an international steering committee and a two year work plan. The IFCB secretariat can be contacted care of The Society for Participatory Research in India (PRIA) fax +91 11/698 0183, e-mail pria@sdalt.ernet.in
The tenth in a series of occasional papers called Development Dossiers from NGLS (the UN Non-Governmental Liaison Service) is the Development of Capacity (February 1999) by Allan Kaplan of CDRA, Woodstock, South Africa. Fax +27 21/462 3918, e-mail cdra@wn.apc.org Kaplan argues the need for a radical shift from a project approach to a new form of capacity building which will involve major changes to organisations and development procedures. Contact NGLS at Room FF-346, United Nations, New York NY 10017 USA.
MONITORING CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT
In May 99 Peter Morgan presented a paper for CIDA on the monitoring of capacity development programmes to the DAC Informal Network on Institutional & Capacity Development. Meeting in Ottawa. The paper noted examples of capacity development monitoring (CDM) becoming a participant-driven approach to learning and self management. It also considered when and how to undertake CDM.
OXFAM PROPOSALS ON BASIC EDUCATION
Oxfam International have produced a major 240 page report entitled Break the Cycle of Poverty as part of their Education Now campaign to mobilise the political will and resources needed to achieve the internationally agreed development target of good quality basic education for all. The report examines the role and state of basic education, barriers to access for poor households and international obstacles to education for all such as debt, adjustment and the East Asian financial crisis. The report outlines the role of actors such as the state and it puts forward an agenda for action including the need for effective national policies and an additional £8 billion per annum over ten years which would be required to finance universal primary education Ð just four days' worth of global military spending. Contact Kevin Watkins or Patrick Watt, phone +44 (0)1865 311 311, e-mail publish@oxfam.org.uk web www.oxfam.org/educationnow
WORLD HUNGER MYTHS
World Hunger: Twelve Myths by Frances Moore Lapp, Joseph Collins & Peter Rosset with Luis Esparza, is an up to date analysis of the world food supply situation. It argues that the world produces enough grain and other commonly eaten foodstuffs to provide at least 4.3 pounds of food per person, per day Ð yet in spite of this abundance, hunger still persists with an estimated 786 million people without access to adequate food. In 270 pages, the book examines twelve myths such as: - there isn't enough food - the green revolution is the answer - there are too many people in the world - more international aid will help the hungry - and concludes that the world can feed itself with different policies. £12.99 Fax: +44 (0) 171 278 1142 Web: www.earthscan.co.uk
NUTRITION
NEDA, the development co-operation department of the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, has produced a policy document - Nutrition: Interaction of Food, Health and Care, the tenth in a series of sector and policy documents. The paper stresses that development and poverty alleviation can only take place if nutritional improvements are achieved. The document provides a framework for selection, formulation, assessment and monitoring of activities in sectors such as health, agriculture and education which are critically linked to nutrition. Contact: Ms Elly Leemhuis-de Regt Fax: +31 (70)348.53.66 E-mail: dsi-sb@dsi.minbuza.nl
GROWING A BALANCED DIET
How to Grow a Balanced Diet by Ann Burgess, Grace Maina, Philip Harris and Stephanie Harris, is a 244 page practical handbook from VSO Books, which aims to bridge the gap between nutritional problems and agricultural solutions. The book examines nutrition education, provides step-by-step instructions on growing 40 common food crops and vegetables, and can be used both as a training manual and a self study guide. (£8.00) Contact: Silke Bernau at VSO. Fax: +44 181 780 7300 E-mail: sbernau@vso.org.uk
FOSTERING CONSENSUS IN USA ON FOOD NEEDS
The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in Washington, is aiming to develop a shared vision and consensus for action on how to meet future world food needs - through a programme entitled 2020 Vision for Food, Agriculture and the Environment. Under the 2020 vision initiative, IFPRI is bringing together divergent schools of thought on the issues and generating a series of discussion papers presenting technical research related to poverty, nutrition and environment. Contact: Mark Cohen Fax: 1-202/467-4439 E-mail: ifpri@cgnet.com Web: www.cgiar.org/ifpri
HIV/AIDS:
40 million infections, 22 million dead
Some critical facts:
global HIV infections now over 40 million - 70% in sub Saharan Africa;
11 million AIDS orphans to date. 22 million people have died of AIDS.
There are 16,000 new AIDS infections a day. Zambia lost 1300 teachers
through AIDS in the first 10 months of 1998. One estimate suggests South
Africa's GDP will be 17% lower in 2010 than it would have been without
AIDS. A 15 year old in SA has a better than even chance of dying of AIDS.
According to EU Commissioner Poul Nielson (the Courier No 184, Jan/Feb
2001) AIDS treatment costing $30 a day is simply out of reach in many
developing countries which have a GNP per capita of under $3000 and per
capita health spending of just $5 a year.
In March
2001, pharmaceutical companies began a court case against the South African
government over a law passed under Mandela, giving SA the right to buy
huge amounts of generic drugs and sell them cheaply in SA. Before the
end of April 2001, the drugs companies had dropped their action. For Oxfam's
analysis on this see http://www.oxfam.org.uk/whatnew/press/cutcost7.htm
For info on HIV/AIDS treatment access see www.tac.org.za
fax + 27 11 403 2106 or contact Nathan Geffen ngeffen@cs.uct.ac.za
The impact of AIDS on specific groups of vulnerable people is being documented
by various people and organisations: HIV/AIDS and older people - HelpAge
International www.helpage.org Disabled people
- Uganda Society for Disabled Children and ADD add@gn.apc.org
fax + 44 1373 452075 Children - ChildrenFirst fax +27 (031) 307 3405 email
childrenfirst@futurenet.co.za
According to Terraviva issue 44 www.nscentre.org/tvmonthly in May 2001 the UN will hold its first major conference on AIDS at a 3 day General Assembly Special Session.
According to UNAIDS, nearly 34million people in the world are currently living with HIV/AIDS and more than 14million people have already lost their lives to the disease. The latest edition of Development & Cooperation contains a special focus on AIDS. D+C No.5/99, published by DSE (Deutsche Stiftung fuer internationale Entwicklung) BP 30 32 10, D-10729 Berlin Fax =+ 49 30 25433-3 75 see website at http://www.dse.de DIU2 Nov 99
CIIR's 63 page comment booklet HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa: The threat to development contains a useful annotated bibliography on HIV'AIDS as a development issue. ISBN 1852872187 £2.50 email ciir@ciir.org fax + 44 (0) 171 359 0017. DIU2 Nov 99
Disinvesting in Health
A recent publication by SAGE 'Disinvesting in Health' provides
a critical appraisal of the impact of the Structural Adjustment Programme
propounded by the World Bank and the IMF on India's health policies and
programmes. Bringing together activists and scholars from diverse disciplines,
the book advocates a people-based and humane model of health care and
questions several of the assumptions which underlie current approaches
in the health sector. Contact: SAGE, New Delhi on (fax) 91-11-6472426.
DIU2 Nov 99
Click for more info on poverty research and action in India
Poverty, Health & Development
A collaborative research project between the National Council of Applied Economic Research, New Delhi and the Centre for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University is available in two volumes. The first entitled ‘Poverty, Health and Development’ provides an overview of the priority India gives to health and how Indian health systems – public and private, are responding to the current situation. The second volume on ‘Women’s Health in India – Risk and Vulnerability’ takes a look at women’s health from childhood to old age identifying those points of the life-cycle at which women are most vulnerable and the sources of such vulnerability. Contact: Oxford University Press, 2/11 Ansari Road, Daryagunj, New Delhi 110 002. DIU2 Nov 99
Health & Livelihoods
A working paper from Oxfam by Laura Habgood looks at Health and Livelihoods
in Rural Angola: a participatory research project. The 56 page book details
an Oxfam research project with two aims: to find about how rural communities
use health services & to involve the communities in the research.
Price £6.95, Oxfam Publishing E-mail: publish@oxfam.org.uk
Fax: +44 (0)1865 313 925 - BEBC, PO Box 1496, Parkstone, BH12 3YD, UK.
BROADCASTING HEALTH
The use of broadcasting to promote health messages is described in Health on Air by Gordon Adam and Nicky Harford published by Health Unlimited. Contact Jo McKenzie, fax 0171 582 5900, e-mail ae161@dial.pipex.com
Health on Air is a 100+ page handbook providing step by step details of how to use radio programmes that inform and involve audiences in making positive choices about their health and wellbeing. For copies (£4.99 + p&p) contact TALC Fax: +44 (0) 1727 846852 E-mail: talcuk@btinternet.com
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